Comparison of Saw Palmetto (extract and whole berry) with PollexiaTM on prostate growth in rats

Nadeen Talpur
Department of Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

Bobby Echard
Department of Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

Debasis Bagchi
School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

Manashi Bagchi
School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

Harry G. Preuss
Department of Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals such as finasteride and alpha blockers are used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and are known to cause severe adverse reactions. Accordingly, a search for safer, natural products has been undertaken. Two natural agents (nutraceuticals) have come under recent scrutiny; because natural products, in general, often have evidence of long-term safety. The present study compares the in vivo effects on androgen-induced prostatic enlargement in rats of two nutraceuticals-the widely recognized Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) and the less well-known Pollexia (defined pollen extract). Non-castrated rats, had a mean prostate weight of 124 mg ± 8.8 (S.E.M.) compared to the 24.5 mg ± 1.9 (S.E.M.) of the castrated rat followed under the same regimen (p < 0.01). When castrated rats were given testosterone, the mass increased significantly to 250.0 mg ± 31.7 (S.E.M.) (p < 0.01). In the five remaining groups, castrated rats receiving testosterone were given finasteride, an extract of Saw Palmetto, crushed whole berry derived from Saw Palmetto fruit, a water soluble and fat soluble extract of Pollexia or a combination of the Saw Palmetto extract and Pollexia. All treatments decreased the size of the prostate to roughly the same size as in the non-castrated rats, a size that was significantly smaller than castrated rats treated with testosterone in the same manner (p < 0.01). A second study examining non-castrated rats treated with very high doses of testosterone showed similar results. In both studies, the nutraceuticals generally decreased body weight. In conclusion, these studies show the ability of Saw Palmetto (whole berry and extract) and Pollexia to influence prostatic hyperplasia via effects on androgen metabolism.

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), finasteride, alpha blockers, Saw Palmetto, Pollexia, androgen-induced prostatic hyperplasia, castrated and non-castrated rats

Article ID: 5120976

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
250 (1-2): 21-26, August 2003
Copyright © 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers
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